毛泽东对中国特色城镇化道路的探索及其经验教训

Mao Zedong's Exploration on the Road of Urbanization with Chinese Characteristics and its Experiences and Lessons

文章基于建国后毛泽东对中国城镇化建设的探索实践,对"国民经济恢复时期、一五计划时期、大跃进时期、国民经济调整时期、文化大革命时期"等不同时期我国城镇化的建设情况进行了梳理,报告了1949-1978年间中国城市数量由69座增加到191座、城镇化率由10.64%增加到17.92%的成果。通过历史研究和归纳分析,得出只有建立在经济基础上的城镇化才是可持续的城镇化、工业化带动城镇化是客观规律等历史经验,也得出了城镇化发展遭遇挫折的主观原因是对城镇化问题不能达成共识、客观原因是不尊重城镇化发展的基本规律、直接原因是国家政策不稳定。分析毛泽东探索城镇化建设的经验教训对当前新型城镇化建设具有重要的历史意义和现实意义。

The paper reviews the construction of China＇s urbanization in different periods such as the recovery period, the first- five year plan period, the great leap forward period, the adjustment of the national economy period, the cultural revolution period, based on Mao Zedong＇s practice of the construction of urbanization after the founding of the PRC, it reports the number of China＇s City is from 69 seats to 191, the urbanization rate increases from 10.64% to 17.92% during 1949-1978. Through the historical analysis and summary, it gets the histrical experice that the urbanization is sustainable only when it established on the economic basis, as well as industrialization andaccelerates urbanization is the objective law. it aslo obtains why the urbanization encounter setbacks that the objective reason is reach no consensus, the subjective reason is not respecting the basic rule, the direct cause is national policy instability. There are important histrcial and practical significance for the construction of new urbanization of analysing the experiences and lessons of Mao Zedong＇s exploration of urbanization.