纳米铝粉对炸药水下爆炸能量的影响研究

Effect of Nano-aluminum on the Under-water Detonation Energy of Explosive

为了研究铝粉颗粒尺度对炸药爆炸能量的影响，分别对含纳米铝粉和微米铝粉的RDX基炸药进行水下试验，获得了不同组成下含纳米铝粉和含微米铝粉炸药水下爆炸的冲击波能和气泡能，分析了纳米铝粉的含量对炸药水下爆炸能量输出的影响规律。试验发现（以质量分数计）：当铝粉的含量为20％～40％时，含纳米铝粉的炸药在水下冲击波能和气泡能方面始终低于相同铝粉含量的含微米铝粉的炸药，且差值随铝粉含量的增加而增大；当铝粉总含量为30％和35％时，纳米铝粉与微米铝粉混合使用可使炸药具有较大的水下爆炸总能量，纳米铝粉的最优加入量为10％。结果表明，当混合铝粉总质量分数为35％，且m （微米铝粉）：m （纳米铝粉）＝25：10时，炸药具有最大的水下爆炸能量。

In order to investigate the influence of nano-aluminum on the detonation energy of explosive, RDX-based explosive containing nano-aluminum and micron aluminum were prepared and used in the under-water detonation experiment. Shockwave energy and bubble energy of explosives with different components of nano-aluminum and micron aluminum were measured. Effect of nano-aluminum content on the energy output in under-water detonation was also analyzed. It can be found that shockwave energy and bubble energy of explosives containing 20%-40% （ mass fraction） nano-aluminum are lower than those of explosives containing 20%-40% （ mass fraction ） micron aluminum, and the difference increases with the raise of aluminum content. When the mass fraction of aluminum powder is 30% or 35%, explosives with the mixtures of nano-aluminum and micron aluminum have higher total energy in underwater detonation, and the optimal mass fraction of nano-aluminum is 10%. Results also show that when the mass fraction of aluminum powder is 35% [m （micron aluminum）：m （nano-aluminum） = 25：10], underwater detonation energy of the explosive is the highest.