硅烷改性纳米氧化锌改善竹塑复合材料的防霉性能

Anti-mold Performance of Bamboo Plastic Composites with Silane Modified Nano Zinc Oxide

为改善竹粉/聚丙烯复合材料防霉性能差的缺陷,采用硅烷偶联剂改性纳米氧化锌(ZnO)接枝分散在竹粉上并与聚丙烯共混热压制备复合材料,研究硅烷改性ZnO对竹塑复合材料防霉性能、力学性能、表面微观结构的影响,结果表明,改性氧化锌对霉菌有抑制作用,随着硅烷改性ZnO添加量的增加,材料防霉能力提升,弯曲强度变化不显著,弯曲模量呈逐渐下降趋势。硅烷改性ZnO的最佳用量为3%,霉菌防治效力为87.5%,弯曲强度下降3.4%,弯曲模量下降2.1%,不具有显著差异。添加硅烷改性ZnO能够抑制霉变对复合材料表观形态的不良影响,减少霉变造成复合材料表面裂纹现象的出现。胞内蛋白质渗出量随改性ZnO浓度提高而增加表明改性ZnO改变霉菌细胞膜性质是其防霉机理。

In order to improve anti-mold performance of bamboo/polypropylene （PP） composites, thecomposites were prepared through blending bamboo powder which was grafted by silane coupling agentmodified nano zinc oxide （ZnO） with PP by hot pressing method. Effects of the silane coupling agent on theanti-mold, flexural properties, surface microstructure of the composites were studied. The results show thatthe modified ZnO has high inhibitory effect on the mold. With the increase of silane modified ZnO dosage,the ability of anti-mold is enhanced, and the flexural strength changes a little but the flexural modulusdecreases gradually. The optimum dosage of the silane modified ZnO is 3%, while the mold-resistantefficiency is 87.5%, and the flexural strength and the flexural modulus decrease by 3.4% and 2. 1%compared to those of the unmodified composites, respectively. The addition of the silane modified ZnO in thecomposites could inhibit the bad effects of mildew growth and control the crack phenomenon on the compositessurface caused by the mildew environment effectively. The rules that intracellular protein exudation increaseswith ZnO concentration show that changing the nature of cell membrane by modified ZnO is its anti-moldmechanism.