高吸油软质聚氨酯泡沫材料的制备及其吸油性能研究

Preparation of a Kind of High Oil-absorption Flexible Polyurethane Foam and Its Oil Adsorption Properties

以聚环氧丙烷三醇(N330)、聚环氧乙烷二醇(N220)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)、三乙烯二胺、辛酸亚锡、有机硅匀泡剂和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)等为原料,采用一步法全水发泡工艺,制备了一种疏水性高吸油软质聚氨酯泡沫(PU)。研究了PTMG的用量对PU的吸油性能、孔结构、密度以及拉伸强度的影响,并考察了这类泡沫材料的再生循环性能。结果表明,随着PTMG用量的增加,PU的孔径减小,拉伸强度逐渐提高,PU对油品的吸附倍率先增加后减小,最大吸附倍率分别为:柴油18.9 g/g、二甲苯34.9 g/g、乙酸乙酯32.8 g/g、四氯化碳56.9 g/g。采用外力挤压法可有效地去除吸附油品以达到PU再生循环利用的目的,且重复使用12次后,PU对柴油的脱附效率仍高于98%,吸附倍率稳定在16.2 g/g。

Using polyepoxypropane triol （ N330 ）, polyepoxyethane glycol （ N220 ）,polytetrahydrofuran glycol （PTMG） , triethylene diamine, stannous caprylate, organosilicon foam agent andtoluene diisocyanate （TDI） as raw materials, the hydrophobie polyurethane （PU） soft foam with high oil-absorption capacity was prepared by one-step water-blown formulation adjustment. The effects of the PTMGdosage on the properties of PU such as oil adsorption properties, pore structure, density and tensile strengthwere studied, and the regeneration performance of the PU foam was discussed. The results show that theaperture of PU foam is reduced, the tensile strength increases and the oil absorbency first increases and thendecreases with increasing the PTMG dosage. The maximum oil adsorption capacity can reach to 18.9 g/g fordiesel oil, 34.9 g/g for dimethylbenzene, 32.8 g/g for ethyl acetate and 56. 9 g/g for carbon tetrachloride.Reversible absorption and removal of oil by mechanical compression provide a simple approach for therecycling of PU. The desorption efficiency of the PU foam for diesel is over 98% with the static adsorptioncapacity of 16.2 g/g after 12 cycles.