农村地区20岁以上女性慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行病学调查分析

Pidemiological Investigation and Analysis of Rural Women over the Age of 20 with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

目的了解辽宁部分农村地区20岁以上女性慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)的患病率及危险因素,为慢阻肺的防治提供依据。方法以随机整群抽样法,对辽宁省黑山县及辽阳县属下各4个村20岁以上常住女性居民进行调查。对所有接受调查者进行问卷调查、肺功能检测、体格检查、心电图及胸片检查。以吸入支气管舒张剂后FEV1/FVC<70%并除外其他疾病作为慢阻肺的诊断标准。Logistic回归分析分层分析各暴露因素与慢阻肺患病率相关性。结果共调查2133例,其中资料完整1994例。辽宁农村地区20岁以上女性慢阻肺患病率为7.2%。年龄、居住条件、吸烟、应用煤/生物燃料做饭、应用煤/生物燃料取暖、受教育程度、体质指数与慢阻肺患病率具有相关性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中吸烟[OR=2.397,95%CI(1.582,3.633)]、低体质指数[(OR=3.666,95%CI(1.934,6.948))是慢阻肺的独立危险因素。结论辽宁省部分农村地区20岁以上女性慢阻肺患病率较高,且受多种危险因素影响,这为慢阻肺防治提供理论基础。

Objective To learn the prevalence and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（ COPD） in part of Liaoning rural women over the age of 20,and to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods By random cluster sampling,women of permanent residents over the age of 20 in Liaoyang and Heishan County,Liaoning Province,each four villages were under investigation. Questionnaire,pulmonary function tests,physical examination,electrocardiogram and chest radiograph were conducted for all the respondents. In case of FEV1 / FVC70% /（ after inhalation of bronchodilator） and excluding other diseases,we would give a diagnosis of COPD. Using logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis to find the relevance between the exposure factors and the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Results A total of 2133 people were investigated,including 1994 data integrity. The COPD prevalence was 7. 2% in Liaoning rural women over the age of 20. Age,living conditions,smoking,use of coal / bio-fuels for cooking and heating,education and body mass index were relevant with the prevalence of COPD,statistically significant（ P〈0. 01）,with smoking[OR = 2. 397,95% CI（ 1. 582,3. 633） ],low body mass index[（ OR = 3. 666,95% CI（ 1. 934,6. 948）） were two independent risk factors for COPD. Conclusion Women over the age of 20 in some Liaoning rural areas are in high prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and it is affected by many risk factors,which provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.