2014年中国第二类疫苗接种监测数据分析

Surveillance of Category Ⅱ Vaccines in China,2014

目的分析中国（未包括中国香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区,下同）2014年第二类疫苗接种情况。方法从中国免疫规划信息管理系统（National Immunization Program Information System,NIPIS）提取2014年1~12月全国各乡级单位每月报告的第二类疫苗接种数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2014年全国31个省份和新疆生产建设兵团报告了第二类疫苗接种情况,县、乡级单位报告完整率分别为96.83%、92.91%。全国报告接种第二类疫苗共36种、106 152 021剂;平均接种剂次为783.31剂/万人,以上海最多、辽宁最少,分别为3 149.04剂/万人、165.98剂/万人。全年接种剂次数最多的3种疫苗为狂犬病疫苗（19 441 464剂）、b型流感嗜血杆菌多糖结合疫苗（Haemophilus Influenzae Type b Polysaccharide Conjugate Vaccine,Hib）（15 664 838剂）、流感疫苗（12 856 091剂）。19个省份使用第二类疫苗34~36种。在儿童常用的第二类疫苗中,Hib每百名出生儿童接种剂次达到95剂;脊髓灰质炎灭活疫苗每百名出生儿童接种剂次较2013年上升67%。结论 2014年全国第二类疫苗使用的数量和品种均有较大幅度增长。NIPIS在第二类疫苗报告的完整性上有较大提高,但仍需进一步加强对监测数据的开发利用。

Objective To evaluate use of category Ⅱ vaccines in China （not including Chinese Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan） in 2014.Methods Administration of category Ⅱ vaccines was reported monthly by township units through the National Immunization Program Information System （NIPIS）.Data were extracted from the system and analyzed with descriptive methods.Results Thirty-one provinces and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps reported data in 2014.Reporting completeness rates at county and township levels were 96.83 % and 92.91 %,respectively.In total,36 types of category Ⅱ vaccines and 106 152 021 administered doses were reported,representing an average of 783.31 doses per 10 000 population,with the highest in Shanghai （3 149.04 doses per 10 000 population） and the lowest in Liaoning （165.98 doses per 10 000 population）.The three most commonly used vaccines were rabies vaccine （19 441464 doses）,Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide conjugate vaccine（Hib） （15 664 838 doses） and influenza vaccine （12 856 091 doses）.Thirty four to thirty six types of category Ⅱ vaccines were used in 19 provinces.Among the important vaccines for children,95 doses of Hib vaccine per100 births were used;the number of inactivated poliovirus vaccine doses per 100 births was 67 % higher than in 2013.Conclusions The types and number of doses of category Ⅱ vaccines greatly increased in 2014.Reporting completeness through NIPIS was significantly improved.The use of these surveillance data should be strengthened.