宿州市中职学生对抗生素的认知和使用现状调查

Investigation of the cognition and application of antibiotics in vocational college students in Suzhou

目的:了解中职学生对抗生素的认知和使用现状,分析滥用抗生素的相关因素,为开展抗生素健康教育工作提供科学依据。方法:采用整群抽样的方法,对宿州市2所中职学校的在校学生进行问卷调查,调查内容包括专业和年级等基本情况、对抗生素的认知情况、抗生素的使用情况及凭处方购买抗生素的实施情况。通过对认知评分和各项指标百分率的比较,分析2所学校学生对抗生素认知和使用行为方面的差异。结果:回收有效问卷4 462份,其中医学生2 543份,非医学生1 919份。医学生对抗生素的认知评分为(44.1±5.4)分,明显高于非医学生的(42.0±4.6)分(P<0.01)。4 462名学生中常备抗生素者高达3 621人(81.2%);症状相似时自行服用抗生素的医学生有1 015人(40.0%),非医学生有666人(34.7%);使用抗生素前会认真阅读说明书的医学生有1 144人(45.0%),非医学生有943人(49.1%)。仅有701名(27.6%)医学生和276名(14.4%)非医学生知道国家规定社会药房必须配备执业药师;1 568名(61.7%)医学生和1 063名(55.4%)非医学生表示到药房购买抗生素从没被要求出示处方。2组学生在凭处方购买抗生素的规定实施方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:中职学校的学生对抗生素整体认知不高,且滥用抗生素的现象较为普遍,医学生与非医学生对抗生素的认知差异可以归于相关知识差异。

Objective： To investigate the cognition and application of antibiotics in vocational college students,analyze the risk factors of the abuse of antibiotics,and provide the scientific evidence for developing health education of antibiotics. Methods： The students from two vocational schools in Suzhou were investigated using the cluster sampling method. The investigation content included the profession,grade,cognition of antibiotics,use of antibiotics and purchasing prescription antibiotics. The differences of the cognition and use of antibiotics between two school students were compared by the cognitive scores and percentage of each indicator. Results： Four thousand four hundred and sixty-two effective questionnaires were collected,which included 2 543 medical students and 1919 nonmedical students. Among 4 462 students,3 621 students（ 81. 2%） prepared for the antibiotic. One thousand and fifteen medical students（ 40%）and 666 nonmedical students（ 34. 7%） with similar symptom took it by themselves. One thousand one hundred and forty-four medical students（ 45. 0%） and 943 nonmedical students（ 49. 1%） read the instruction carefully before using the antibiotic. Seven hundred and one medical students（ 27. 6%） and 276 nonmedical students（ 14. 4%） knew that the licensed pharmacist must be equipped in community pharmacy according to the state law. One thousand five hundred and sixty-eight medical students（ 61. 7%） and 1 063 nonmedical students（ 55. 4%） thought that they were never asked to show the prescription when they bought the antibiotics,the difference between medical student and nonmedical student was statistically significant（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusions： The low antibiotic cognition and abuse of antibiotics in vocational students is common. The different cognition of antibiotic between medical student and nonmedical student results from their different knowledge.