自然灾害发生与鼠疫的关系

The relationship between natural disasters and plague

“大灾之后有大疫”。通过对云南省多次自然灾害发生与鼠疫关系分析发现，洪灾频发期鼠疫发生频次高，鼠密度、蚤指数较其他时期也高，但洪旱灾害、地震事件对鼠密度、蚤指数及鼠疫发生和流行没有必然联系；宿主动物密度、媒介生物指数主要由气温、降雨量（湿度）等气候因素决定。自然灾害会使局部生存环境破坏而导致宿主动物、人群迁徙、聚集．宿主动物间、宿主动物和人之间以及人和人之间接触密切，使处于活跃期的疫源地鼠疫流行传播的危险性明显提升。

＂There are big epidemics after natural disasters＂. After years of analysis of the relationship between natural disasters and plague in Yunnan Province, we found that plague occurred with high frequency during the flooding period, and rodent＇s density and flea index were higher in years of flooding than those of normal years. However, each disaster event such as flooding, drought or earthquakes was not necessarily connected with rodents density, index of fleas and plague prevalence. The density of host animals and the index of vector were mainly determined by climatic factors such as air temperature, rainfall （humidity） and so on. Natural disasters will damage the local living environment, which caused the aggregation of host animals and humans. Close contacts between host animals and humans will promote the risk of epidemic spreading in the active plague loci.