2010—2014年内蒙古长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫监测结果分析

Analysis of a monitoring results on animal plague in Meriones unguiculatus plague natural foci in Inner Mongolia from 2010 to 2014

目的分析2010—2014年内蒙古长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫监测结果，掌握当地鼠疫疫情动态，为制订防治对策提供依据。方法收集2010—2014年内蒙古长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫监测资料．统计主要宿主密度、染蚤率、蚤指数及细菌学、血清学检查，分析该疫源地鼠疫疫情流行情况。细菌学采用4步检验（显微镜检查、分离培养、噬菌体裂解试验、动物实验）分离鉴定鼠疫菌，血清学检测采用鼠疫间接血凝实验方法。结果5年间在内蒙古长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地共监测7116hm2，捕获长爪沙鼠21689只．平均鼠密度为3．05只／hm2；小型啮齿动物调查共布夹144352夹次，捕获鼠3947只，捕获率为2．73％。病原学检查长爪沙鼠26500只，检出疫鼠91只；培养各种蚤13268组51262匹，检出染疫蚤59组227匹；检查长爪沙鼠血清5426份，检出阳性血清5份，阳性率为0．09％。结论内蒙古长爪沙鼠鼠疫疫源地内鼠疫疫情活跃，应进一步加强鼠疫监测与疫情应急工作，切实做好健康教育工作．严防动物间鼠疫流行波及人群。

Objective To analyze the monitoring results on plague in Meriones unguiculatus plague natural foci in Inner Mongolia from 2010 to 2014, to master the epidemic dynamics of the plague and to provide a basis for developing Methods The plague monitoring data in Meriones unguiculatus plague natural foci from 2010 to 2014 were collected; main host density, rate of dye fleas, flea body index and bacteriology were counted; serology detection was done and the epidemic situation was analyzed. Isolation and identification of Yersinia pestis were carried out through a 4-step test （microscopic examination, isolation and culture, phage lysis test and animal experiment）. Serum samples were tested by indirect hemagglutination test. Results Within 5 years, 21 689 Meriones unguiculatus were captured overlap monitored areas of 7 116 hm/ totally, the average rat density was 3.05/hm2; other small rodents were clipped 144 352 times, 3 947 mice were captured, capture rate was 2.73%. Totally 26 500 Meriones unguiculatus were checked, 91 Meriones unguiculatus were infected with epidemic diseases, 227 of 59 groups positive fleas were checked from cultured 51 262 fleas of 13 268 groups. Totally 5 426 serum samples of Meriones unguiculatus were checked, 5 copies were found positive, the positive rate was 0.09%. Conclusions Inner Mongolia Meriones unguiculatus plague is still active and spreading. We must enhance propaganda of the plague. Surveillance and emergency management should be strengthened to prevent a outbreak of the plague in human being.