5种植物生长调节剂对妃子笑荔枝开花坐果调控效应的比较

Effects of Five Plant Growth Regulators on Blooming and Fruit-setting of‘Feizixiao'Litchi

以18年生妃子笑荔枝树为试材,采用烯效唑等5种不同植物生长调节剂对荔枝花穗喷施处理,比较不同处理对妃子笑雌雄花开放动态、坐果、单株产量及果实品质的影响。结果表明,烯效唑处理能够推迟开花物候期,延长花期,显著提高雄花量,有利于提高初始坐果量,产量明显增加,并能够诱导果实种子的败育,提高焦核率;赤霉素和乙烯利处理明显加速开花,缩短花期,并减少开花总量;氯吡苯脲处理显著延缓花穗衰老,延长花期,增加开花量和开花批次,有利于坐果和促进果实发育,且明显增加果皮厚度;萘乙酸处理下雌花率仅5.04%,初始坐果量3.50粒,分别显著低于对照的23.16%和25.17粒,说明萘乙酸处理不利于雌花发育和提高坐果,导致产量显著降低。

To test the effects of five plant growth regulators which were sprayed on flower panicles,the floral dynamics,fruit setting,individual yield and fruit quality of 18-year-old‘Feizixiao＇litchi,the results showed that： S-3307 could delay the blooming phenophase,lengthen florescence,increase male flower number in a significant way,promote fruit setting,yield,and induce seed abortion significantly. GA3 and Ethylene treatment could accelerate blooming,shorten flowering period in a visible way,and reduce total flower number dramatically. CPPU treatment could delay the decay of panicles,prolong flowering period,and increase flower number and batch that promote initial fruit setting and fruit development as a result,as well as thicken the peel of fruits. In the case of NAA treatment,the female ratio came to 5. 04 %,and initial setting fruit amounted an average of 3. 50,which were significantly lower than the control,23. 16 %,25. 17 % respectively. It indicated that NAA treatment had negative effect on female flower development and fruit setting. The results led to lower yields significantly.