复合材料桥梁防撞护舷碰撞特性研究

Collision Performance Analysis of Composite Anti-collision Fender for Bridges

采用试验和计算机仿真相结合的方法,研究复合材料防撞护舷在冲击荷载作用下的动力学特性。首先进行防撞护舷试样冲击试验,获得试样不同工况下的动力学响应;然后采用有限元法对试样进行数值模拟,通过与试验结果对比,获得相对精确的有限元计算模型,为实际结构参数的合理选取提供依据;最后运用ANSYS/LS-DYNA平台进行显式非线性分析,研究防撞护舷实际结构在碰撞过程中能量变化、接触响应和损伤变形等特征,得到了防撞护舷能量吸收和变形响应特性,各项数据均达到国家技术要求,为今后防撞护舷结构的优化设计提供理论支持。

Dynamic characteristics of composite anti-collision fender of bridges under impact load are tested and simulated in the paper.First the fender specimens are tested on the impact testing machine,the dynamic responses under different conditions are obtained.Then the numerical simulation of the fender specimen is carried on through the finite element methods.The comparisons of impact testing data and simulation results show the accuracy of the finite element model,providing the theoretical basis for the selection of actual structural element types and material parameters.Finally the composite anti-collision fender impacted by a ship is simulated by the explicit nonlinear analysis of ANSYS / LS-DYNA,and the energy variation,contact response and damage deformation are analyzed during the collision process.The energy absorption and the deformation history of composite anti-collision fender are obtained and both of them meet the national technical requirements,which provide theoretical basis for optimizing the design of composite anti-collision fender.