《牛津高阶英语词典》(第8版)动名兼类词条表征策略研究

A Study of the Representation Strategy of Verb-Noun Heterosemy in Oxford Advanced Learner's English Dictionary( 8th Edition)

现代英语等分析语在社群语言层面词库中的概括词因转类而衍生的语法多功能现象(兼类现象)自20世纪以来一直饱受争议,并成为各个理论阵营争论的焦点,其中动名兼类尤甚。然而,绝大多数研究都是从形态学或句法学角度出发,对于兼类这种跨越形态学、句法学和词汇学(词典学)的课题难以获得全面的认识,对于现代英语社群语言层面词库(即语文词典)中的动名兼类现状更是缺乏系统的实证研究。以自建的"《牛津高阶英语词典》(第8版)词类标注数据库"为基础,研究词典中动名兼类词条的表征策略。结果显示,动名兼类现象在现代英语中较为普遍,动名兼类词条占整部词典所收词条的5.8%,接近动词词条的比例;OALD-8所收录的2670个动名兼类词条中,严格意义上的兼类词为2285个,其余385个为同形词;在严格意义上的动名兼类词中,52.12%的词条设置了自指义项,其自指义项的表征呈现多样化特征,有助于满足学习者用户的编码需求。

Multifunctionality or heterosemy of lexemes resulted from conversion in analytic languages like Modern English has been the most controversial topic since the 20 thcentury and a kind of battleground over which various theoretical camps have fought over the years. However,relevant studies were conducted mostly in morphology or syntax,and it is far from a complete understanding of heterosemy, which is closely related to morphology, syntax and especially lexicology（ lexicography）. So far,there has been no systematic empirical study concerning verb-noun heterosemy in Modern English lexicon at langue（ i. e. language dictionaries）. Thus this paper is intended to study the representation strategy of verb-noun heterosemy in Oxford Advanced Learner＇s English Dictionary（ 8th Edition）. It is found that verb-noun heterosemy is very common in Modern English,occupying 5. 8% of the lexemes in the dictionary,which is approaching the percentage of verb lexemes in it,that among 2670 verb-noun lexemes,2285 belong to verb-noun heterosemy in its strict sense and 385 are actually homonyms,and that 52. 12% of the 2285 lexemes have self-reference senses represented in a diversified manner,which is conducive to satisfying English learners＇ encoding needs.