语言计量特征在译者身份判定中的应用——以《傲慢与偏见》的两个译本为例

Application of Quantitative Linguistic Properties to Translatorship Recognition

本研究提出将语言计量特征应用于语言风格对比及译者身份判断的方法。通过对各10万字的两个训练译本语料库中14个语言结构特征分布的统计对比,发现两个译本中5个具有显著性差异的语言计量特征。以这5个特征作为译本表征,对各10万字的两个未知译者文本作相关分析并进行译者身份识别实验,根据这5个计量特征准确地判定未知译本的译者。研究证明,将基于语料库的计量研究方法与统计学方法相结合,用语言结构的计量特征标识译本的方法有助于加强译者身份、译本的判定以及译者风格辨别的可解释性和客观科学性,有助于弥补传统的译者风格定性研究的不足,使翻译研究趋于客观、科学并具有可解释性。

This paper proposes a method of using quantitative linguistic properties to contrast different translation styles and to recognize the translators of unknown translation texts. The Chinese translations of Pride and Prejudice by two different translators were cleaned,segmented,tagged and used as two corpora for analysis. The two corpora were divided into halves： the first halves to be used as training translation texts（ TTT1 and TTT2） and the second as experimental translation texts（ ETT1 and ETT2） whose translators were assumed unknown. Fourteen linguistic properties were explored and compared for significant differences between two training translation texts（ TTT1 and TTT2）. It eventually discovered five contrastive and differentiative linguistic properties typical of two different translators. Data of the five linguistic properties of two experimental translation texts（ ETT1 and ETT2）whose translators were assumed unknown were also acquired and cross-compared with those of ETTs for statistical significance of differences by using Significance Test of Difference. It was found out that the five linguistic properties show no statistical significant difference between TTT1 and ETT1,and between TTT2 and ETT2; while the five properties show highly significant difference between TTT1 and ETT2,TTT2 and ETT1,and ETT2 and TTT2. Thus,it can be concluded that ETT1 and TTT1 belong to the same translator,WKY; and ETT2 and TTT2 belong to the other author,ZJH. The paper has successfully determined the contrastive linguistic properties between two translators,and based on these quantitative linguistic properties,ideally recognized the translators of experimental texts. The paper provides a new method for the research of different translation styles,translators’ styles and translatorship recognition or even identification,which is intended to improve the accuracy,objectivity and explainability of the traditional studies of translation and translator styles.