萍乡宗濂书院考略

Research on Pingxiang Zonglian Academy

萍乡是北宋著名理学家周敦颐仕宦之地,他在北宋庆历初年监芦溪镇税局时,袁州士人多从其游学。与江西修水、赣州、九江等周敦颐存神过化之地一样,萍乡建有纪念性质的宗濂书院,但明清及民国的地方志对宗濂书院的记载多有抵牾,甚而名称不一。从北宋时期书院规制及周敦颐仕萍时的实际情况来看,萍乡芦溪的宗濂书院不是周敦颐所建,其最初形态为濂溪祠,最迟于明正德九年易名为宗濂书院;万历年间宗濂书院易址迁建,清康熙甲寅兵乱被毁,嗣后又陆续重建,光绪年间县令顾家相改名为濂溪书院并设官课,首次赋予书院除祠祭功能外的教学功能。清末书院改章,濂溪书院更名为濂溪高等小学校,成为萍乡最早改制为小学的书院,民国时期再更名为萍乡芦溪区立小学校,解放后为萍乡芦溪小学,千年弦歌,至今不辍。

Pingxiang, where famous Neo-Confucian scholar Zhou Dunyi of Northern Song Dynasty served his official position in the early years of Qingli governance, has build memorial academy named after him, Zonglian Academy. But local chronicles about Zonglian Academy in Ming, Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China era were mostly contradictive, even the names they referred to were different. According to academy regulation and the actual situation of Pingxiang in Northern Song Dynasty, Zonglian Academy built at Luxi County in Pingxiang was not founded by Zhou Dunyi. It was initially known as Lianxi Temple, renamed to Lianxi Academy in Guangxu governance during Qing Dynasty when it was first empowered to teach. In the period of the Republic of China, it was renamed to Luxi County Primary School, then Luxi Elementary School after 1949, and hasn＇t stopped functioning ever since.