生物基甘油制备二氯丙醇工艺研究

Study on process of producing dichloropropanol from bioglycerol

利用生物柴油生产过程中副产的大量甘油,采用甘油氯化法生产二氯丙醇。分别以乙酸、丙酸、乙酸酐、乙二酸、丁二酸、三氯乙酸为催化剂进行生物基甘油与氯化氢的氯化反应,结果表明:以丙酸为催化剂时,二氯丙醇的收率最高。选择丙酸为催化剂,考察了反应温度、反应时间、HCl气体流速和催化剂用量等因素对二氯丙醇收率的影响。试验结果表明:在反应温度120℃,反应时间8 h,HCl气体流速2 L/min,催化剂用量(w)6%的反应条件下,二氯丙醇收率可达86.3%。采用生物基甘油替代烃类原料生产二氯丙醇工艺可行、成本较低。

The glycerol which is produced as by-product in biodiesel production,can be used to produce 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol by chlorination with hydrogen chloride. Different kinds of carboxylic acid,including acetic acid,propionic acid,acetic anhydride,oxalic acid,succinic acid and trichloroacetic acid,are used as catalysts respectively in chlorination of bioglycerol and hydrogen chloride,and the results show that the yield of dichloropropanol is higher when using propionic acid as catalyst. The effects of the reaction temperature,reaction time,gas flow rate of hydrogen chloride and the amount of catalyst on the yield of dichloropropanol at the presence of propionic acid are investigated,and the results show that the yield of dichloropropanol can reach 86. 3% under the conditions of reaction temperature 120 ℃,reaction time 8 h,gas flow rate of hydrogen chloride 2 L / min and the amount of catalyst 6%. The process of producing dichloropropanol from bioglycerol instead of hydrocarbons has advantages of feasible operation and low cost.