浮床栽培鱼腥草对吉富罗非鱼养殖池塘水质的影响

Houttuynia cordata Thunb Cultivation on Floating Bed Affecting Water Quality of GIFT Tilapia Aquaculture Pond

为研究浮床栽培鱼腥草(0、5%、10%和15%种植面积)对吉富罗非鱼养殖池塘的水质净化作用,测定了NH_4+^-N、NO_3^--N、NO_2^--N、TN、TP、CODMn等主要水质指标。结果表明,在同样的试验条件下,7—8月份鱼腥草处理组NO_3^--N下降,与此同时带来了NH_4^+-N(除5%处理组)和NO_2^--N的上升。9月份浮床栽培鱼腥草对5种水质指标的平均去除率在3%~38%之间。5%鱼腥草种植面积适合进行中试。通过鱼腥草的采收,5%鱼腥草处理组叶、根茎的产量分别可达112.4、1619.2 kg/hm^2,且可从养殖水体带走0.38 g/m^2的总氮,0.06 g/m^2的磷元素;同时收获鱼总重和所测生物学指标(除体重)显著高于对照和其他处理组,且对成活率和饵料系数无多大影响。

In order to study the purification effect of Houttuynia cordata Thunb cultivation on floating bed（0,5%, 10% and 15% planting area） on water quality of intensive aquaculture ponds of GIFT tilapia, contents ofthe main water quality indexes including ammonium nitrogen（NH_4~＋- N）, nitrate nitrogen（NO_3^-- N）, nitritenitrogen（NO_2^--N）, total nitrogen（TN）, total phosphorus（TP） and CODMn were measured. The results showedthat the content of NO_3^--N decreased, and leaded to the increase of NH_4~＋-N（except for 5% planting area） andNO2^-- N in the treatment groups in July and August. The removal rate of the treatment groups on the five indexes was 3%-38%. And 5% planting area of H. cordata Thunb was suitable for GIFT tilapia aquacultureponds. The leaf and rhizome yield of H. cordata Thunb was 112.4, 1619.2 kg/hm^2, respectively in the 5%treatment group. Houttuynia cordata Thunb cultivated on floating bed would take 0.38 g/m^2 TN and 0.06 g/m^2 TP away in the 5% treatment group. And the total weight of tilapia and biological indicators（except for bodyweight） were improved significantly compared with those in the control group and other treatments, while thesurvival rate and feed coefficient had no significant difference.