采棉头采摘装置的设计及试验

Design and Test of Picking Device in Cotton Harvester

为小型自走梳齿式采棉机的采棉头设计了采摘装置,该采摘装置由10组带齿链条在采棉室内按一定规律分布而成,由链轮链条机构传动,单向回转。为研究该装置的齿片长度、齿片在链条上的排列方式、带齿链条的转速、采棉装置前进速度对采摘装置的采净率、籽棉含杂率和撞落棉损失率的影响,进行了单因素试验和多因素正交试验。试验结果表明:当齿片的长度为22 mm,齿片在链条上等间距对称安装,带齿链条的回转速度为100 r/min,采棉装置的前进速度为0.3 m/s时效果最好,采摘装置采收棉花的采净率为89.74%,籽棉含杂率为10.32%,撞落棉损失率为6.24%。

A picking device was designed for mini self-propelled cotton harvester with multi-finger. It wascomposed of ten groups of chains which were installed with tooth pieces and distributed according to certainroles, and the picking device was unidirectional rotated by driving the sprocket-chain system. The single factorexperiment and multi-factor orthogonal experiment were conducted to investigate the influence of the length oftooth piece, tooth piece arrangement on the chain, the rotary speed of toothed chain and forward speed of thepicking device on the picking rate, impurity rate and loss rate of the picking device. The results showed thatwhen the tooth pieces were symmetrically mounted on the chain with equal intervals, the length of tooth piecewas 22 mm, the rotary speed of toothed chain was 100 r/min and the forward speed of the picking device was0.3 m/s, the picking rate was 89.74%, which was the maximum, and the impurity rate and loss rate were10.32%, 6.24%, respectively, which were the minimum.