冬水田杂交中稻机插秧高产配套技术研究

High Yield Cultivation Techniques of Medium Season Hybrid Rice for Machine Transplanting in Winter Water-logged Field

以目前四川省水稻生产上推广的10个杂交中稻组合为材料,研究了冬水田机插秧适宜的品种特性与高产栽培技术。结果表明,机插秧因籽粒灌浆期比手插秧长,全生育期比手插平均长1.9 d;机插秧平均最高苗数、有效穗数、结实率均比手插秧高,但每穗粒数和千粒重要比手插秧低,最终产量比手插秧高12.3 kg/667 m^2,增产2.54%。品种的最高苗数与机插秧增产程度呈显著负相关,机插秧以选择分蘖力中上等品种为宜,辐优6688、D香707、蓉稻415、川农优498、协优027、川香317可作为机插秧的主推品种。机插秧高产栽培技术要点:播种量80 g/盘;每667 m^2施纯氮6~9 kg,采用传统的"重底早追"的施氮方式;于4.5叶期按29.7 cm×19.8 cm规格移栽。

The varieties characteristics of mid-season hybrid rice and the high yield cultivation techniques were studied by machine transplanting（MT）and artificial transplanting（AT）system in winter water-logged field. The results indicated that the whole growth period of MT was increased by 1.9 days compared to AT, because grain fulling were prolonged. The average numbers of maximum seedings, productive panicles and seed setting rate of MT were higher than that of AT, respectively, but the grains per panicle and1 000-grain weight were lower than that of AT, the grain yield of MT increased by 2.54%. There were significant negative correlation between maximum seedings and the increasing amount of grain yield of MT. Suitable varieties for MT were Fuyou 668, D xiang 707,Rongdao 415, Chuangnongyou 498, Xieyou 027 and Chuanxiangyou 317, and the high yield cultivation techniques of MT were seeding rate with 80 g/plate, 6 ~9 kg/667 m^2 of nitrogen, according to the traditional methods of nitrogen application（base fertilizer ∶tillers fertilizer = 7∶3）, transplanting size by 29.7 cm × 19.8 cm at 4.5 leaves stage.