广州市大学生中医体质调查分析

Analysis on TCM constitutions investigation of college students in Guangzhou

目的:初步了解广州市大学生中医体质类型的分布状况,探究不同性别、不同专业、不同年级学生的体质类型特征,为其健康管理提供依据。方法:采用标准化的中医体质调查量表,结合一般情况,设计调查表,对511名广州市大学生的中医体质分布状况进行横断面调查。采用χ~2检验比较各亚组体质构成比的差异,分析其体质类型的分布规律。结果:最终纳入统计的广州市大学生中,9种体质的分布依次为:气虚质(48.14%)、阴虚质(46.58%)、阳虚质(37.38%)、平和质(34.64%)、痰湿质(32.29%)、气郁质(29.16%)、特禀质(22.11%)、血瘀质(22.50%)、湿热质(8.61%)。不同性别,被调查对象的体质分布情况差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=70.07,P<0.05),男生体质分布前5位分别为平和质、气虚质、阴虚质、阳虚质以及痰湿质;女生为阴虚质、气虚质、阳虚质、痰湿质以及气郁质。不同专业,被调查对象的体质分布情况差异无统计学意义(χ~2=52.79,P>0.05)。不同年级,被调查对象的体质分布情况差异无统计学意义(χ~2=35.34,P>0.05)。结论:广州市大学生9种体质分布中气虚质最多。(2)不同性别,中医体质类型的分布状况不同,年级因素可能影响体质的分布。

Objective:To investigate the distribution of TCM constitutional types of college students in Guangzhou and analyze the formation of characteristics of their constitutions.To provide reference for the health management.Methods:The standardization of TCM constitution scale,combined with general condition,was used to investigate 511 college students in Guangzhou.The differences of constitutional types in subgroups by chi-square test were compared and the distribution of constitutions was analyzed.Results:Among the 511 college students in Guangzhou,the sequence of nine kinds of constitutions distribution from high to low was:Qi-deficiency type(48.14%),yin-deficiency type(46.58%),yang-deficiency type(37.38%),gentleness type(34.64%),phlegm-wetness type(32.29%),Qi-depression type(29.16%),special-diathesis type(22.11%),bloodstasis type(22.50%) and wet-heat type(8.61%).The distribution of constitutional types varied in gender(χ~2=70.07,P<0.05).The top five constitutions of male were gentleness type,Qi-deficiency type,yin-deficiency type,yang-deficiency type and phlegmwetness type.While the top five constitutions of female were yin-deficiency type,Qi-deficiency type,yang-deficiency type,phlegm-wetness type and Qi-depression type.But the major and the grade had no correlation with the constitutional types(χ~2=52.79,P>0.05;χ~2=35.34,P>0.05).Conclusion:Qi-deficiency type was dominated in the distribution of constitutional types in college students in Guangzhou.Genderaffected the distribution of constitutions.The grade may influence the distribution to some extent.