中医病证关系的基础研究现状及引入中医体质维度的必要性

Basic research status of syndromes and diseases of TCM and the necessity of introducing dimension of TCM constitution

目前,病证关系基础研究主要采用疾病模式,借助分子生物学技术、动物模型等,揭示疾病背景下证候差异的生物学基础、证候的动态演变规律以及证候对疾病发展、转归的影响,取得了一定的研究成果。然而,证候差异研究因受疾病因素的影响,不足以揭示机体个体差异的本质,脱离体质研究个体差异有失偏颇;证候模型难以兼顾动态性和个体差异性两个方面,兼顾体质、疾病、证候3个因素的模型亟待开发;证候对疾病的影响尚缺少疾病"发生"阶段的研究,引入"体质"维度可完善发生阶段的研究。提出,突破目前的疾病模式,开展"体质""证候""疾病"3个维度的研究,探索体质个体差异对疾病和证候的影响,完善病证关系研究,体现中医个体化和治未病优势。

With the aid of modern molecular technology and animal model, the literature on the relationship between syndromes and diseases of TCM explores the biological foundation of individual difference of syndrome, the evolutionary rule of syndrome, and the influence of syndrome on the development and transformation of diseases. However, since of the impact of various diseases, the work on the biological foundation of differences of TCM symptoms fails to the difference between individual organisms and only obtains some partial results. The work which identifies the evolutionary rule of syndrome based on animal model is usually unable to cover both dynamics of syndrome and individual difference, and it is necessary to develop an animal model including individual constitution, diseases and syndrome. And the work on the influence of syndrome on the development and transformation of diseases does not study the origin of diseases which can be modeled as constitution. For these reasons, the future work should breakthrough the present research framework of diseases from three dimensions: individual constitution, syndrome and diseases, explore the impact of individual difference on syndrome and diseases and complement the understanding of the relationship between syndromes and diseases.