中药薤白基源植物的历史变迁

History of origin plants of Chinese herbal medicine Bulbus Allii Macrostemi

为梳理薤白本草,探索历代本草所用中药薤白的基源。文章通过对小根蒜与藠头野外资源调查与物候观察,利用其生物学习性结合本草文献、市场调查进行分析。发现,小根蒜与藠头在物候与分布区等习性上均存在较大差异,我国历代所用薤白基源主要是小根蒜,到了清代随着藠头栽培的增加而逐渐药用兴起。藠头栽培的兴起使其市场薤白的来源越来越偏重藠头,应重视小根蒜的发展,合理的利用薤白基源植物,为薤白的药用提供参考。

To explore origin plants of Chinese herbal medicine Bulbus Allii Macrostemi through related Bulbus Allii Macrostemi materia medica. Wild resources investigation and phenological observation on Allium macrostemon Bunge and Allium chinensis G.Don were made. Then the analysis was based on their biological habits combined with herbal documents and market surveys. There were significant differences between Allium macrostemon Bunge and Allium chinensis G.Don in such habits like phenology and distribution. The main Bulbus Allii Macrostemi origin plant was Allium macrostemon Bunge in Chinese history. Allium chinensis began to be popular in Qing dynasty with its increasing planting. With the rise of Allium chinensis planting, market has given more and more emphasis on it. More attention should be paid to the development of Allium macrostemon Bunge. Bulbus Allii Macrostemi origin plants are supposed to be used reasonably to provide a reference for the usage of Bulus Allii Macrostemi in medicine.