山东栝楼新品系生育特征及活性成分含量分析

Analysis of growth characteristics and active component content in new Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. strains of Shandong

目的:为栝楼种质资源研究和良种选育提供依据。方法:对山东2个栝楼新品系的植物学与生物学性状进行研究,同时采用分光光度法对新品系及其他不同区域瓜蒌中总黄酮、可溶性糖及总三萜皂苷的含量进行比较。结果:两个新品系瓜蒌在果色和果型上有显著的差异,新品系1的产量明显高于新品系2。瓜蒌中黄酮主要为水溶性成分,新品系2的含量最高,为1.64%;总三萜皂苷在醇提取液中含量均较高,其中新品系1在无水乙醇提取条件下的含量最高,为0.6%;可溶性糖在水和乙醇中均易溶,安徽产地的瓜蒌含量最高,其次是新品系2。结论:筛选的新品系栝楼具有较高的活性成分含量和产量,具有较好的区域开发和推广价值。

Objective: To provide the basis for the study of germplasm resources and improved varieties selection on Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. Methods: The biological and botanical characters on two new Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. strains of Shandong were investigated. The spectrophotometry was used to measure the content of flavones, soluble sugars and triterpenoid saponins in Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. from new strains and other areas. Results: There was a significant difference on fruit color and fruit type in the two new strains. The yield of new strain 1 exceeded the new strain 2 obviously. The main flavones were watersoluble components and the content was highest(1.64%) in new strain 2. All of the triterpenoid saponins in alcohol extracts were higher and the content was the highest(0.6%) in new strain 1. The soluble sugars were easily soluble in water and ethyl alcohol and the content was the highest in Anhui strain, the second is new strain 2. Conclusion: There are higher active component content and yields in two new Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. strains, and they have superior regional development and promotion values.