国医大师金世元从中药饮片形状判断中药材质量经验总结

Summary of the experience of TCM master JIN Shi-yuan in judging Chinese medical material by the shape of pieces

切制是炮制中的重要组成部分。常用的400种植物类药材有206种需要进行切制成不同形状以供临床使用。国医大师金世元教授在中药炮制方面有很深的造诣,金老认为切制方法与成品片形直接影响到中药的质量与药效。饮片切制自古以来秉承"质坚宜薄""质松宜厚"的原则,根据药材性状可分为薄片、厚片、直片、斜片、丝、段、块等类型。通过饮片类型、形状可以反映出药材质量、真伪优劣、药用部位,并影响临床疗效。因此,强调传统饮片形状不仅是对饮片外观的要求,更是饮片质量的保证。

Cutting was an essential partin the preparation of clinical use. Two hundred and six of 400 plant-based materials were needed to be cut into different shapes. TCM master JIN Shi-yuan had great accomplishment in the procession of Chinese medicine. JIN believed that cutting methods and the shape of piecesdirectly affect the quality and the effect of Chinese medicine. According to the feature of materials and the principle of ‘tough materials should be cut into thin, soft ones should be cut into thick', piece-cutting methods were divided into several types, including slice, slice of thick, slice of vertical, slice of oblique, shred, segment, dice, etc. These types of pieces could reflect the quality, the identity and themedicinal part of pieces and affect the clinical efficacy. Therefore, it was emphasized that the traditional form of cutting pieces was not only the requirement of the appearance of the cut pieces, but also the guarantee of the quality of the pieces.