张仲景辨治慢性咳嗽诸法初探

Preliminary study on methods of treating chronic cough by ZHANG Zhong-jing

《黄帝内经》提出"五脏六腑咳"理论,奠定了后世医家辨治咳嗽的框架体系。《伤寒杂病论》为东汉末年著名医学家张仲景所著,是中国现存最早的一部诊治杂病的专书,首创了六经辨证论治体系。咳嗽既是肺系疾病中的一个症状,又是独立的一种疾病。慢性咳嗽属于中医学"久咳""顽咳"的范畴。张仲景对咳嗽的辨治遵《黄帝内经》而又不泥于《黄帝内经》,对各种原因所致的咳嗽论述精辟,理法方药齐全。笔者通过分析《伤寒杂病论》之典型条文,总结张仲景慢性咳嗽的辨证、治法及方药,为临床提供参考。

Inner Connon of Huangdi proposed ‘five zang-organs and six fu-organs cough' theory, and lay the framework of treating cough for physicians. Shanghan Zabing Lun, written by ZHANG Zhong-jing, a famous medical scientist in the late Eastern Han dynasty, is the earliest extant diagnosis book which established six meridian syndrome differentiation system. Coughing is not only a symptom of lung disease, but an independent disease. Chronic cough belongs to the category of ‘long cough' and ‘stubborn cough' in traditional Chinese medicine. ZHANG Zhong-jing's treatment on cough keeps to Inner Cannon of Huangdi, yet does not dwell on Inner Cannon of Huangdi, and give incisive exposition and comprehensive prescriptions to various reasons of cough. Through the analysis of the typical Shanghan Zabing Lun provisions, the author summarized the syndrome differentiation, treatment and prescriptions of chronic cough of ZHANG Zhong-jing to provide reference for clinical practice.