基于多元统计分析的食用槟榔及药用槟榔主要化学成分的含量对比研究

Comparative analysis of the determination of principal chemical components in edible betel nut and semen arecae based on multivariate statistical analysis

目的:研究食用槟榔及药用槟榔中主要化学成分的含量差异。方法:采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和磷钼钨酸/干酪素紫外-可见分光光度法(UV)分别测定药用槟榔饮片、食用槟榔中槟榔碱和鞣质的含量,并采用方差分析和主成分分析法对主要成分的含量进行多元统计分析。结果:针对槟榔碱和鞣质的含量,药用槟榔3种制品均与食用槟榔存在显著差异(P<0.05),且食用槟榔中槟榔碱和鞣质含量均明显低于药用槟榔。食用槟榔及药用槟榔可以进行区分,但无法对药用槟榔的不同炮制组进行区分。结论:被认定为一级致癌物的食用槟榔中槟榔碱和鞣质成分的含量明显低于药用槟榔,因此,针对毒效成分含量更高的药用槟榔饮片,其是否会对人体造成潜在性损害的问题应得到重视。

Objective: To study the difference of contents of the principal chemical components between the edible betel nut and arecae semen. Methods: To make a contrastive study about comparing the principal chemical contents of arecoline and tannins in the edible betel nut and arecae semen. HPLC was used to determine the arecoline of the edible betel nut and arecae semen. Phosphomolybdium Tungstic Acid-Casein Reaction was used to determine the tannins of the edible betel nut and arecae semen. The variance analysis and the PCA were used to analyze the principal contents. Results: The results of analysis of variance showed that the contents of arecoline and tannins in arecae semen were significantly different from those of the edible betel nut(P<0.05), and the contents of the edible betel nut were significantly lower than those of arecae semen. The consumption of the edible betel nut and arecae semen can be distinguished, but it can not distinguish between different processing groups of arecae semen. Conclusion: The content of arecoline and tannins in the edible betel nut, which were identified as ‘first-class carcinogens', were significantly lower than that of arecae semen. Therefore, the issue of whether or not arecae semen with higher toxic ingredients were potentially harmful to human body should be given more attention.