《中医衰老自评量表》的编制及其信度与效度的初步评价

Development, preliminary evaluation of reliability and validity of Traditional Chinese Medicine Aging Self-Evaluation Scale

目的:研制适合中医延缓衰老研究领域使用的《中医衰老自评量表》,对其进行条目分析并初步评价其信度及效度。方法:采用条目区分度分析、条目鉴别力分析及同质性分析进行量表条目分析;采用内部一致性信度分析来检测量表的信度;采用因子分析的方法评价量表的结构效度。结果:《中医衰老自评量表》分为生理衰老和心理衰老两个维度,包含40个条目。(1)条目分析结果:条目区分度分析结果显示,高、低分组的被测者在每个条目平均值都具有显著性差异(P<0.05);条目鉴别力分析结果显示,年龄越大的被测者在各个题目上选项的平均分越高;量表条目的同质性检验结果显示,全部条目与总分的相关系数均>0.4。(2)信度分析结果:量表的Cronbach’sα系数为0.963,高于系数值0.8。(3)结构效度分析结果:采用主轴因子法进行因子提取,共可提取6个公因子,因子累积贡献率为58.197%,大于40%的贡献率。结论:量表的条目具有良好的区分度和鉴别力,也具有良好的信度和效度,说明该量表能够较全面地测量和评估人体的衰老程度。

Objective:To develop an Traditional Chinese Medicine Aging Self-Evaluation Scale from the traditional Chinese medicine perspective and evaluate the scale’s reliability and validity. Methods: The Traditional Chinese Medicine Aging Self-Evaluation Scale was developed by verification of dimensions, formation of item pool, verification of scoring methodology, and pilot test of scale and item analysis. Results: The Traditional Chinese Medicine Aging Self-Evaluation Scale was divided into physiological aging and psychological aging, and contained 40 items. The item’s differentiation results showed that there was significant difference between the subjects of high and low scores groups (P<0.05). The item’s discrimination results showed that the older subjects had higher average scores on each item. The item’s homogeneity test results showed that the correlation coefficients of all items and total points were higher than 0.4. The scale’s reliability was evaluated by Cronbach’s α coefficient test and the Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.963, higher than the coefficient value of 0.8. The scale’s construct validity was evaluated by principle axis factor, 6 common factors were extracted and the accumulative contribution rate was 58.197%, over 40% rate of contribution. Conclusion: The Traditional Chinese Medicine Aging Self-Evaluation Scale has good reliability and validity in evaluating Chinese people’s overall aging level.