李东垣眼科疾病诊疗思想探微

Exploration on LI Dong-yuan’s diagnosis and treatment thoughts of ophthalmic disease

李东垣首创脾胃内伤学说,认为'内伤脾胃,百病由生'。在论治眼科疾病时亦强调脾胃的重要性,在生理上李东垣认为眼睛汇聚了五脏六腑的精气,而此精气均禀受于脾而上贯于目。在病理上他强调,脾胃虚弱,心火大盛,三焦火俱盛,百脉沸腾,血脉逆行,邪害空窍而发眼疾。在治疗中则以理脾、养血、安神为治疗大法。用药多以辛散之风药配合甘苦之健脾药或甘酸的养血药为其特点,在用药上慎用苦寒降泄之品。经后世医家发扬,东垣学说在眼科的影响日益扩大,丰富、完善了眼科学术理论体系。

LI Dong-yuan initiated the theory of internal injury of spleen and stomach,which was that‘injury spleen and stomach,all diseases are born’.The importance of spleen and stomach was also emphasized in treating ophthalmic disease.LI Dong-yuan thought that the eyes were collected with the essence of the five zang viscera in physiology,and this essence was absorbed by the spleen and goes through the eyes.In pathology,he emphasized that the deficiency of spleen and stomach,full fire of the heart and the sanjiao,boiling of the all vessels,retrograding of blood and vessels and pathogen invade the eyes,which would induce eye disease.The tonification of spleen,nourishing blood and cramming the mind was the treatment law.The drug using was characterized by the combination of the invigorating and tonification of the spleen herbs with wind herbs and nourishing blood herbs without bitter cold herbs.Developed by future generations of doctors,the influence of Dongyuan theory in ophthalmology is expanding,and it has made important contributions to the enrichment and improvement of ophthalmology.