HS-SPME/GC-MS法分析林下山参根、茎、叶及籽的挥发性成分

Volatile components analysis of root, stem, leaf and seed of mountain-cultivated Ginseng with HS-SPME/GC-MS

目的:分析并比较20年生林下山参不同部位挥发性成分的异同,填补林下山参茎、叶挥发性成分研究的空白。方法:采用顶空固相微萃取技术(HS-SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)对挥发性成分进行提取、分析与鉴定。结果:共鉴定挥发性成分184种。其中,根含烃(23.42%)、醇酚(21.39%)、酯(16.26%)及醛(6.79%)等54个成分;茎含烃(80.46%)、醇酚(4.02%)及酯(4.84%)等84个成分;叶含烃(86.54%)、醛(3.73%)、酮(2.03%)及酯(2.20%)等68个成分;籽含烃(81.58%)、酯(4.52%)、醇酚(3.45%)及醛(2.04%)等81个成分。且根、茎、叶和籽中各存在27、37、19和35种特有成分。4个部位的共有成分仅为9种。结论:林下山参根、茎、叶、籽中的挥发性成分在种类和含量上存在较大差异,且均含有多种特有成分。为进一步研究、开发与利用林下山参的不同部位提供了数据支持。

Objective:To compare the volatile components in different parts of mountain-cultivated Ginseng which were growth of 20 years,and to fill in the gaps in the study of volatile components in stems and leaves of Ginseng.Methods:Headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME)combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to extract,analyze and identify the components.Results:A total of 184 components were identified from the different parts.For root,there were 54 compounds,including hydrocarbons(23.42%),alcohols and phenols(21.39%),esters(16.26%)and aldehydes(6.79%),etc.For stem,there were 84 compounds,including hydrocarbons(80.46%),alcohols and phenols(4.02%)and esters(4.84%),etc.For leaf,there were 68 compounds including hydrocarbons(86.54%),aldehydes(3.73%),ketones(2.03%)and esters(2.20%),etc.For seed,there were 81 compounds including hydrocarbons(81.58%),esters(4.52%),alcohols and phenols(3.45%)and aldehydes(2.04%),etc.What’s more,27,37,19 and 35 characteristic components were found in root,stem,leaf and seed,respectively.There were only 9 shared components in four parts.Conclusion:There is great difference between the different parts of mountaincultivated Ginseng in volatile components’type and content.And characteristic components are existed in four parts.This study could provide data for further research,development and utilization of different parts of mountain-cultivated Ginseng.