道教药物采集和丹方制备的“和时”观念探析

Analysis of the concept of ’time harmony’ of drug processing and prescription making of Taoism

道教的修行核心是与'道'和,其实质是阴阳五行的调和。道教'和于道'体现在天时、地理、人文3个方面,其中天时之和为首。道教药物采集和丹方制备的时间选择集中体现了道教所倡'和时'大旨。一年之内不同时间节点所得的阴阳五行之气不同,常根据此规律来炮制药味和调和药方,实现提高药味质量和药方疗效的目的。对于中医药来说,道教医药实践经验需要辩证吸收,而其与时谐和观念可促进人思考人如何顺时而养。

The core of Taoism practicing is the harmony with Tao,which more accurately is the harmony among five elements.The harmony with Tao is presented in three dimensions:time,location and participator,of which the most important one is time.In Taoist medicine,the time selection of drug processing and prescription making is an obvious reflection of the harmony with time.Based on the different qi of yin-yang and five elements during the whole year,process different drugs and make suitable prescription in order to enhance the function of medicine.The ancient wisdom of times selection has its theoretical and practical value.For traditional Chinese medicine,the experience of Taoist medicine acquisition and prescription should be dialectically absorbed,and the concept of harmony with the times can promote people to think about how to preserve health corresponding to time.