从词阶理论看满通古斯语族的语支分类

Language Branches Classification of Manchu Tungusic from Word Order Theory

满通古斯语族语言主要分布在中国和俄罗斯境内,中外学者对满通古斯语族诸语言的语支分类一直存在分歧。我们通过考察词阶理论和讨论中俄内满通古斯语族诸语之间的亲疏关系,验证前人对语支的分类。词阶的比较发现,中俄境内满通古斯语族分为满语支和通古斯语支,其中,通古斯语支由南北两个分语支构成,前者包括乌利奇语、奥罗克语、那乃语、奥罗奇语和乌德盖语,后者包括埃文基语、埃文语和涅吉达尔语。

Manchu Tungusic language is mainly distributed in the territories of China and Russia. Scholars both in China and abroad have respective ideas on the branch classification. In this article,the authors will make an analysis of the languages relationship to re-classify the branch language.