恩施州水稻主栽品种稻瘟病抗性监测与分析

Monitoring and Analysis on Resistance of Rice Varieties to Rice Blast in Enshi Autonomous Prefecture

[目的]探讨恩施州水稻主栽品种的稻瘟病抗性变化规律。[方法]于2011—2015年采用病圃田间自然诱发方法对恩施州生产上推广种植的水稻品种开展稻瘟病抗性监测鉴定，并对有2a以上叶瘟和穗瘟数据的30个品种进行分析和比较。[结果]抗性最好的为谷优92和全优128，在监测年份其综合指数均≤2．0；抗性较好的有全优2689、川谷优202等7个品种，其综合指数在2．1—4．0；抗性较差的有深优9752、骏优172等6个品种，其穗瘟发病率个别年份达到高感级别；抗性最差的是川丰6号、科优21等4个品种，在监测年份出现了1a以上穗瘟损失率高感级别。福优325和全优2689这2个品种的穗瘟发病率在近5a间呈现出较有规律的波动。[结论]试验结果为恩施州水稻抗病品种选育提供了理论依据。

[ Objective ] The aim was to discuss the variation law of resistance of main rice varieties to rice blast in Enshi Autonomous Prefecture. [ Method] The resistances to rice blast of rice varieties planted in Enshi Autonomous Prefecture under the condition of nature induction were identiffed from 2011 to 2015. 30 rice varieties with more than two years leaf blast and rice blast disease were compared and analyzed. [Result] The results showed that the resistance of varieties Guyou92 and Quanyou128 is best, which comprehensive index was below or equal to 2.0 all the years. The resistance of 7 varieties is better including Quanyou2689, Chuanguyou202 etc, which comprehensive index was from 2. 1 to 4.0. The resistance of 6 varieties is worse including Shenyou9752, Junyou172 etc, which disease incidence of blast was more than high sensitive. The re- sistance of 4 varieties is worst including Chuanfeng6, Keyou21, etc, which loss rate of blast was more than one high sensitive all the years. Fuy- ou325 and Quanyou2689 had a regular rhythm on 5 years of disease incidence of blast. [ Conclusion] The results can provide theoretical basis for breeding of rice disease resistance varieties in Enshi Autonomous Prefecture.