皮肤微生物与益生菌在皮肤疾病诊疗中的应用

Skin Microbiome and Probiotic Therapeutic Approaches for Skin Diseases

皮肤是人体最大的器官,定殖着复杂的微生物群落。大部分微生物是对人体无害的,甚至有些是有益的。皮肤微生物在皮表所接触的外环境影响下,形成了其独特且复杂的菌群结构,同时也受到人体固有免疫和获得性免疫系统的影响,与人体免疫系统共同进化。伴随着分子生物学的发展,皮肤上复杂与庞大的常驻菌群被逐渐认知。对皮肤微生物的深入了解不仅帮助人们了解微生物与皮肤屏障的相互作用机制,也为微生物引起的皮肤疾病的治疗提供有效的策略。本文综述了近年来国内外有关皮肤微生物的研究成果,以及在皮肤疾病和微生物紊乱导致的相关疾病中,益生菌在诊疗过程中的应用。

The skin as the largest organ of the human body is colonized by complex microbial communities. Most of them are harmless, and even beneficial to the human body. Colonization is driven by the ecological environment of the epidermis, and the skin microbial communities are highly variable because of endogenous host factors, topographical location and exogenous environmental factors. The skin microbiota can be modulated by the cutaneous innate and adaptive immune responses. Meanwhile, the skin microbiota can promote the evolution of host＇s immune system. With the development of molecular biological technology, there has been an emerging view of the resident skin bacteria with high variability and diversity. A deepened understanding of the skin microbiome is essential to gain insight into microbial involvement in human skin diseases and probiotic therapeutic approaches for their treatment. In this review, we summarize recent studies on skin microbiome, and also illustrate the application potential of probiotics as a new complementary and alternative medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of.typical diseases caused by microfloral imbalance.