SPME-GC-MS分析不同产地干黄芪中挥发性风味成分

Volatile compounds analysis of dried Astragali radix from different areas by SPME-GC-MS

为了研究不同产地干黄芪的香气成分,采用固相微萃取法分别提取产自山西、内蒙古和甘肃的干黄芪香气成分,提取物经过气-质联用分析仪分析,共鉴定出117种挥发性成分,其中包括烯烃类21种、醇类15种、酸类15种、醛类14种、其他类14种、酮类14种、杂环类8种、酯类10种和酚类6种。内蒙古黄芪香气成分种类最多,为91种,总相对含量为79.49%;其次是山西黄芪,鉴定出75种香气成分,总相对含量为82.49%;香气成分种类最少是甘肃黄芪,为72种,总相对含量为89.64%。在不同产地中鉴定出43种共有成分,其中正己醛、苯甲醛、1-戊醇、3-辛烯-2-酮、丁香酚、榄香素、2-丁基呋喃、2-正戊基呋喃是干黄芪特征香气成分。不同产地的干黄芪香气成分在种类和含量上也有所不同。

In order to study the volatile compounds in dried Astragali radix from different areas, the materials from Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Gansu were extracted by SPME and analyzed by GC-MS. Results showed that 117 volatile compounds were identified, including alkenes （21 kinds）, alco- hols 05 kinds）, acids （15 kinds）, aldehydes （14 kinds）, other compounds （14 kinds）, ketones 04 kinds）, heterocyclic （8 kinds）, esters （10 kinds）, and phenols （6 kinds）. 91 compounds were identified in dried Inner Mongolia A. radix（79.49% of the total volatile）, 75 compounds were identified （82.49% of the total volatile） in dried Shanxi A. radix, and 72 compounds were identified （89.64% of the total volatile） in dried Gansu A. radix. There were 43 kinds of common compositions, hexanal, benzaldehyde, 1-pentanol, 3-octen-2-une, eugenol, emicin, 2-butyluran, 2-pentyluran were the characteristic aroma constituents of dried A. radix. The varieties and contents of volatile components of dried A. radix from different areas were different.