老年人慢性肾脏病诊断标准和分期以及流行病学研究现状

Diagnosis, stages and epidemiologic studies of chronic kidney disease in elderly adults

鉴于慢性肾脏病（chronic kidney disease，CKD）及其引起的终末期肾病（end stage renal disease，ESRD）对于人类生命和健康的威胁及所造成的巨额卫生资源消耗，关于CKD的研究日益受到重视。由于老年人的特殊性，目前CKD的定义及分期、肾功能评估的公式是否应该有别于中青年人一直备受争议，本文对上述问题进行了全面的综述。同时对目前世界各国老年人群的CKD患病调查现况及患病的人群特点、流行趋势进行了归纳总结，并就导致CKD患病率在各个人群、各个调查之间存在差异的可能原因进行分析。

Since the chronic kidney disease iCKD） and end-stage renal disease （ESRD） can cause serious disease burden and consume huge amounts of health resources to human life, research on CKD received increasing attention. For the particularity of the elderly, whether the current definition, stages and renal function assessment of CKD should be distinguished from the adults has been controversial. We conducted a comprehensive review on these issues. Furthermore, the studies on the epidemiologic status, trends, and characteristics of CKD for the elderly were summarized, and possible reasons for the differences between the various studies were analyzed.