北京市农业面源污染负荷及入河系数估算

Estimation on Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Loads and Inflow Coefficient of Beijing

采用考虑降雨影响因子的输出系数模型,以实测数据为基础,结合水文资料和GIS技术,估算北京市2013年农业面源污染物总氮、总磷负荷。根据农业面源污染物总氮、总磷负荷与年径流模数的相关关系,计算北京市2013年五大水系农业面源污染物总氮、总磷入河系数。结果表明:2013年北京市农业面源污染物总氮负荷为17 859.586 0 t,总磷负荷为3 089.559 0 t;从污染源类型来看,2013年农业面源污染物总氮、总磷负荷较高的均为农村生活和畜禽养殖,分别占污染物负荷总量的45.9%、27.7%和83.5%、15.4%;2013年潮白河农业面源污染物总氮入河系数最高,永定河农业面源污染物总磷入河系数最高,北运河农业面源总氮和总磷污染负荷最高,分别为12 859.577 5和2 291.547 1 t,其次为潮白河及永定河。

The paper estimated the total nitrogen and total phosphorus loading of agricultural non-point source pollution of Beijing in 2013 by using export coefficient model of considering rainfall affecting factor,taking observed data as basis and combining with hydrologic;data and GIS technology.It calculated the inflow coefficients of total nitrogen and total phosphorus of agricultural non-point source pollution of five major river systems of Beijing in 2013 according to the correlation of total nitrogen and lotal phosphorus loading of agricultural non-point source pollution and runoff modulus.The outcomes show that a） in 2013,the total nitrogen loading of agricultural non-point source pollution of Beijing is 17 859.586 0 tons and the total phosphorus loading is 3 089.559 0 tons;b） viewing from the types of pollution source,the higher total nitrogen and lotal phosphorus loading of agricultural non-point source pollution in 2013 are rural life and livestock breeding,making up 45.9%and 27.7%,83.5%and 15.4%of total pollutant loading respectively and;b） in 2013,the inflow coefficient of total nitrogen of agricultural non-point source pollution of Chaobai River is the highest,the inflow coefficient of total phosphorus of agricultural non-point source pollution of Yongding River is the highest and the total nitrogen and total phosphorus loading of agricultural non-point source pollution of Beiyun River are the highest,reaching 12 859.577 5 and 2 291.547 1 tons respectively,then followed by Chaobai and Yongding rivers.