城市地铁网脆弱性分析

Analysis of vulnerability of urban metro network

为了保证地铁交通网络安全、高效地运行,提高地铁网络的抗攻击能力,根据复杂网络基本理论,从乘客出行延误时间、需求未满足乘客数量2个方面研究连边和站点的重要性,进而构建网络服务效率评价指标体系,以评价整个地铁网络的脆弱性。以上海地铁网为例,借助Matlab模拟不同攻击方式下的网络服务效率。结果表明,站点和连边的重要性随着网络中其他连边或站点的失效而发生变化;站点的脆弱性受其地理位置、运送旅客数量及可换乘性的综合影响;上海地铁网对连续重要性攻击表现出最大的脆弱性。

For the sake of ensuring efficient and safe operation of a metro network and improving its ability to resist attacks, importance of links and stations were studied by means of the delay in passengers＇ traveling and the number of unsatisfied passengers, then an indicator system was established for evaluating its service efficiency,providing a basis for assessing its vulnerability, according to the theory of complex networks. With the help of Matlab, the network service efficiency of Shanghai metro under different attacks was simulated. The simulation results show that the importance of links or stations is a function of failure of other links or stations in the network,that vulnerability of a station is influenced by it＇s location, traffics and travel alternatives,and that Shanghai metro network shows the highest vulnerability to the continuous importance attack.