乳腺癌患者诊疗不同阶段信息需求的质性研究

Qualitative Research on Information Needs of Patients with Breast Cancer in Different Stages of Diagnosis and Treatment

目的探索和深入了解乳腺癌患者在诊断、治疗、康复等不同疾病诊疗阶段多样化的信息需求,以期为后期实施针对性的信息支持策略提供依据。方法 2015年3-4月,采用目的抽样法选取上海市某三级甲等医院首诊乳腺癌患者12名为研究对象。采用质性研究方法对其进行为期6个月的个案纵向追踪,运用Colaizzi内容分析法对资料进行分析,提炼出主题。结果分析提炼出6个主题,即心理社会支持贯穿全程、确诊阶段治疗方案选择的信息需求、手术阶段手术实施及术后不良反应应对的信息需求、化疗阶段化疗相关不良反应及应对的信息需求、康复阶段居家自我照护的信息需求、获取信息途径的多样化。结论在乳腺癌的诊疗过程中,医护人员应该根据患者所处诊疗不同阶段的不同特点给予针对性的个性化信息支持。

Objective To explore and deeply understand the diverse information needs of breast cancer patients in different stages of diagnosis and treatment,including diagnosis,treatment and rehabilitation,and to provide basis for future implementation of targeted information support strategies.Methods By purposive sampling,totally12 cases who were diagnosis during Mar to Apr.2015 were selected and followed up for 6months.The Colaizzi analytical method was adopted to analyze and extract themes.Results The 6themes were extracted：psychosocial support throughout the whole process,the choice of treatment plan during diagnosis stage,the implementing of surgery and dealing with adverse reactions during operation stage,side effects of chemotherapy and coping during chemotherapy stage,information needs of self home care during rehabilitation stage,diversity methods of getting information.Conclusions Targeted and personalized information support strategies should be performed to the breast cancer patients by medical staffs according to the different characteristics of different stages of diagnosis and treatment.