北洋军阀时期“军队地方化”的成因及其影响——以现代国家建设理论为视角

The Reasons of the Army's localization and its Influences in the Periods of Northern Warlords——From the Perspectives of Modern State- building Theory

现代国家建设内在地要求对军事权力实现高度集中和统一控制。历史上的专制主义中央集权和小农经济的分散性的共同作用、晚清至民初以来的地方势力膨胀与中央权威衰落的合力是北洋军阀时期军队地方化的重要原因。军队地方化对当时中国现代国家建设各方面带来了严重的影响,诸如实现主权独立、保障国家统一、建立具有理性化的政府体系、中央与地方关系的均衡化、发展民主政治、社会建设等等。

Modern state- building demands the highly centralization and uniform control for the military power. There are two important reasons of the army＇ localization during the Northern Warlords Period： the interactive role of absolutism centralization and dispensability of small- scale farming,the combined forces of the swelling local power and the decline of central power. The army＇s localization was detrimental to the then state-building of China,such as maintaining independent sovereignty and national unity,establishing a rational government, balancing the central and local relations, and developing democratic politics and social construction.