平榛种质资源坚果农艺性状鉴定与评价研究

Identification and Evaluation of Agronomic Traits for Corylus heterophylla Fisch. Germplasm Resources

平榛是我国重要的榛属植物资源,为鉴定、评价和保护平榛种质资源,提高其利用效率,采用主成分分析和聚类分析方法对99份平榛种质资源坚果的主要农艺性状进行了鉴定和综合评价。结果表明:平榛种质资源坚果的24个性状具有丰富的遗传多样性;10个数量性状的主成分分析确定了4类影响因子,反映了育种选择方向及潜力;基于各种质间形态性状的遗传差异,将99份平榛种质划分为5大类群,第Ⅰ类群可作为选育果面光滑品种的育种和候选亲本材料,第Ⅱ类群可作为选育大粒型、适宜机械化加工的育种和候选亲本材料,第Ⅲ类群具有作为市场产品的潜力,第Ⅳ类群可作为选育圆形、果面无条纹的育种和候选亲本材料,第Ⅴ类群可作为选育高丰产性品种的育种和候选亲本材料。上述研究为平榛种质资源的评价、保护和选优工作提供了基础数据。

Corylus heterophylla Fisch. is one of the important Corylus resources in China. In order to identify,evaluate and protect C. heterophylla Fisch. germplasm resources,and enhance the efficiency of utilization,we evaluated 99 accessions of C. heterophylla Fisch. using both the cluster analysis and principal components analysis. The results showed that the 24 agronomic traits had extensive genetic variation types and genetic diversity. The principal components analysis of 10 traits calculated four common factors that reflect the breeding orientation and potential of major quantitative traits. Based on the genetic divergence of agronomic traits,C. heterophylla Fisch. genotypes were divided into 5 groups. The first group can be as parents of progenies with spherical and smooth seeds,the second can be as parents of progenies with large seed type and suitable for mechanical processing,the third group can be asparents of progenies with market products,the fourth group can be as parents of progenies with round type and without stripe on shell surface,the fifth group can be as parents of progenies with high yield. Comprehensive analysis of agronomic traits provided scientific information for evaluation,protection and screening of the C. heterophylla Fisch.germplasm resources.