孕期膳食指导对孕妇脂代谢及妊娠相关并发症的影响

Dietary guidance to pregnant women affects lipid metabolism and pregnancy related complications

目的研究孕期膳食指导对孕妇脂代谢及妊娠相关并发症的影响。方法选取2013年3月至2014年3月收住我院进行治疗的早孕期血脂代谢异常孕妇100例,采用随机数表法分为观察组和对照组各50例,观察组从早孕期开始给予膳食指导直至分娩,对照组不接受膳食指导,自行随意膳食,两组均于孕24-28周、30-32周和分娩前分别检测血脂,随访追踪两组妊娠结局,了解妊娠各孕周血脂变化情况,比较两组各孕期血脂水平的差异,分析两组孕妇妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压疾病等并发症的发生以及新生儿情况。结果两组患者中,观察组患者血脂TC指数明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,Tch指数观察组也低于对照组。观察组HDL-c指数明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,LDL指数和Apo-B指数明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）两组患者妊娠相关并发症比较,妊娠期高血压观察组2例（4.0%）,对照组5例（10.0%）,妊娠合并贫血观察组3例（6.0%）,对照组7例（14.0%）,妊娠期糖尿病观察组0例（0.0%）,对照组2例（4.0%）差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论早期立卡产检检测出血脂异常,并有针对性地对孕妇进行合理的营养膳食指导,及早进行干预,对减少妊娠并发症有着重要意义。

Objective To study the effects of dietary guidance to pregnant women on lipid metabolism and pregnancy related complications.Methods 100 abnormal pregnant women were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 50 cases in each group.The observation group given dietary guidance started from early pregnancy until delivery.The control group did not receive dietary guidance.The blood lipid were detected at 24-28 week,30-32 weeks pregnant and before delivery.The pregnancy outcomes,gestational diabetes,gestational hypertension disease and complications were observed.Results The blood lipid TC index in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group.The difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Tch index of the observation group iwas lower than that of control group.HDL-c index of observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group.The difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.LDL index and Apo-B index of observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group.The difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.There were 2cases and 5cases with complications related to pregnancy in observation group and control group.The pregnancy anemia in observation group and control group had 3cases and 7cases.The gestational diabetes mellitus in control group had 2cases,but there was no patient with gestational diabetes mellitus in observation group.Conclusion Dietary guidance to pregnant women with abnormal blood lipid can reduce the complications of pregnancy.