民国时期离村农民的心理嬗变

Leaving Peasants' Psychological Transformation During the Republic of China Period

民国时期,农民离村进入城市对较为落后的农村社会产生了潜移默化的影响。城市在培养离村农民的现代性方面具有不可替代的作用,城市里严酷的社会压力与生存竞争对他们闭塞守旧的传统观念和生活习俗带来巨大冲击。这种冲击使他们故有的价值观、生活方式被改变,并逐渐让位于新的思想观念和社会习俗。农民离村流入近代城市,使农民的传统观念遭到瓦解,并对中国传统社会中根深蒂固的宗法制度形成巨大冲击,其结果是宗族成员的游离性增加,家族观念逐渐淡化。这也进一步引发了乡村社会在文化观念、思维模式、价值取向等方面的深层变革。

The peasants＇ leaving from village to the city had subtle influence to the comparatively backward countryside society.Urban severe social pressure and competition has had huge impact on their conservative traditional values and customs,which forced them to change their original values,life styles,and to transform their idea,and gradually yield to the new ideas and social customs.The phenomenon has disintegrated the traditional ideas,impacted violently to the ingrained patriarchal system in Chinese traditional society,which has increased the patriarchal members＇ dissociation,and caused the fading family concept.Then it initiated the profound transformations in terms of cultural idea,thought pattern,value orientation in rural society.