儿童变应性鼻炎舌下免疫治疗的耐受性与依从性分析

Tolerance and compliance analysis of sublingual immunotherapy of allergic rhinitis in children

目的：探讨舌下粉尘螨滴剂两种给药方法治疗儿童变应性鼻炎伴哮喘的耐受性和依从性。方法：选择2012年11月-2013年11月我院耳鼻咽喉科门诊确诊为变应性鼻炎伴哮喘患儿50例,随机分成试验组（23例）和对照组（27例）,分别采用缓慢递增方法（3个月递增期）与常规递增方法（3周递增期）进行舌下脱敏治疗1年。比较两组患儿治疗的耐受性和依从性。结果：在治疗递增期与维持期中,试验组的耐受性、依从性均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,治疗期间无严重不良反应发生。结论：舌下免疫治疗粉尘螨滴剂缓慢递增的给药方法其耐受性和依从性优于常规递增给药法,可适合于儿童变应性鼻炎伴哮喘的高敏患儿。

Objective： To evaluate the prolonged up- dosing phase＇ s effect on the adverse events and compliance of children with allergic rhinitis（ AR）combined with asthma in sublingual immunotherapy. Methods： 50 patients with AR combined with asthma,aged 5- 14,were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group（ n = 23） had a 3- month＇s up- dosing phase,and the control group（ n = 27） had 3- week＇ s up- dosing phase. Both group were observed for 1 year and all the adverse events,drop- outs and dropout reasons were recorded. Results： The tolerance and compliance in expermental group were significant higher than the control group in both up- dosing phase and maintenance phase（ P 〈0. 05）. No serious adverse events occurred during the whole study. Conclusion： Prolonged up- dosing phase could reduce the adverse events and enhanced the patients＇ compliance in children with AR combined with asthma in sublingual immunotherapy.