英语词汇教学的范畴化研究

English Vocabulary Instruction：From the Perspective of Categorization

词汇教学是语言教学的一个重要环节。如何有效地开展词汇教学从而扩大学生的词汇量和驾驭词汇的能力,是语言教学工作者必须面对的一个问题。在众多的英语词汇中,哪些词汇对学生语言能力的发展是最基本和最重要的？人们发现最基本最重要的词汇都是高频词,而对于高频词学习的一个难点来自于高频词的多义性。对于词汇教学中多义词的教学,教师该如何帮助学生建立起多义词的语义网络以有利于学生词汇知识的存储和提取？针对以上问题,本文试图从范畴化理论中去寻找答案。研究发现基本层次范畴的词汇是词汇教学的重点,范畴化的典型理论对英语词汇教学中多义词（或一词多义）的教学有着重要的理论指导作用。

English vocabulary instruction is crucial to language teaching. One of the most important tasks of language teachers is to help students build their word power. What are the most basic and therefore the most important words in the tremendous number of English vocabulary？ The highfrequency words are found to be the most basic and the most important ones. However,high-frequency words have been regarded as a notorious obstacle for learners. The source of difficulty arises from the polysemous nature of high-frequency words. Teachers＇ responsibility is to help students understand how seemingly chaotic senses are semantically related. The problem here is how to lessen the learning burden of polysemous words. The author points out that the theory of categorization can shed light on these problems. The basic-level category words are the most basic and the important ones in English and the prototype theory provides theoretical inspiration for polysemous words instruction.