中国古典小说人物塑造的价值冲突——从《封神演义》黄飞虎出五关说起

Value Conflicts among Characterizations in the Classical Novels:Discussing from Huang Feihu Passing Five Barriers in Investiture of the Gods

在中国古典小说中,正面人物身上的私心内容常被剥除殆尽。这样一种价值取向并非偶然,实则与中国传统叙事的教化职能和传统伦理道德的公私观念桴鼓相应。而其之所以如此,在于作者需要缓解乃至取消古典小说在人物塑造上无法避免的价值冲突,以保证小说教化功能的顺利发挥。另外,古典小说人物塑造的价值冲突还表现为私心仅由于个人美德或正面性格的加持而被误视作公心道义。这一现象对伦理价值评判的误导可能极大,应予以一定重视;审视其诱因,自内而外的中国传统伦理道德体系当为其冲。

In Chinese classical novels,the selfish contents on the positive character are often eliminated completely.Such a value orientation is not accidental,and perfectly contacts with the enlightened function of Chinese traditional narrative and the public private notion of traditional ethics.And the reason for this is that in order to guarantee the enlightened function of the novel,the author needs to alleviate and even cancel the value conflicts that can not be avoided in the characterizations of classical novels.In addition,the value conflicts of the characterizations in classical novels are also showed that the selfishness is mistakenly regarded as public morality only because of some personal virtues or positive characters.This phenomenon may be very important to the evaluation of ethical value,which should be focused on.And surveying its incentives,the insideout Chinese traditional ethical system should be considered firstly.