南京市城区40岁以上人群超重、肥胖流行特点调查分析

Epidemiological investigation of overweight and obesity in population aged 40 years or older in Nan- jing City

目的了解南京市城区年龄I〉40岁的中老年人超重、肥胖的流行特点，并分析肥胖人群多种代谢性疾病患病率情况。方法采用随机抽样方法，对南京市城区6个社区40—79岁的居民进行问卷调查、体格检查及生化检测。共调查9696人，剔除信息不全334人，最终共9362人纳入统计分析，男性3204人（占34．2％），女性6158人（占65．8％）。按照《中国成人超重和肥胖预防控制指南》标准，体重指数I〉28．0kg／IFI。为肥胖，24．0—27．9kg／m。为超重。对不同性别、年龄组人群超重、肥胖率进行比较分析。结果总的超重率41．0％，男性高于女性（43．91％vs．39．48％，X2=17．01，P〈0．001）。总的肥胖率16．79％。其中男性为16．73％，女性为16．82％，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。受教育程度较低的人群肥胖率高于受教育程度较高人群（r=47．95，P〈0．001）。与正常体重人群比较，肥胖人群糖尿病、高血压、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇升高、高密度脂蛋白．胆固醇降低发生率明显增加（x2值分别为42．02，641．88，9．58，236．08，13．24，138．82，P均〈0．001）。结论南京市城区40岁以上人群超重和肥胖发生率高，肥胖人群糖尿病、高血压、血脂异常的发生率明显增加。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of overweight and obesity among a community-based population aged 40 years or older in Nanjing City, and to analyze the prevalence of metabolic diseases in obesity. Methods Residents aged 40-79 years were recruited from 6 communities in Nanjing City by random sampling method. Data were collected through questionnaire interview, physical ex- amination and laboratory testing. A total of 9 696 participants were eligible for the study. After exclusion of 334 individuals for whom demographic information were incomplete ,9 362 subjects were included in the final analysis. There were 3 204 males（34.2% ） and 6 158 females （65.8%）. In accordance with the criteria from Guidelines for Prevention and Control of Overweight and Obesity in Chinese Adults, obesity was defined as body mass index≥28.0 kg/m2, while overweight as 24.0-27.9 kg/m2. The rates of overweight and obe- sity in different gender and age groups were analyzed. Results The rate of overweight was 41.0%. Male had a higher rate of overweight than female （43.91% vs. 39.48% , X2 = 17.01, P 〈 0.001 ）. Meanwhile the rate of obesity was 16.79% and the rate of obesity in female was similar with that in male （ 16.73% vs. 16.82% , P 〉0.05）. The lower educated population had higher rates of obesity compared with the higher educated （X2 = 47.95, P 〈 0.001 ）. Compared with those of normal weight, the prevalence rates of diabetes, hypertension, hypereholesteremia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol and low- er high density lipoprotein cholesterol had increased significantly among obese population （X2 = 42.02,