论我国海洋渔业环境行政指导:方式、困境与对策

On Administrative Guidance in China's Marine Fisheries Environment:Ways,Dilemma and Countermeasures

行政指导在我国海洋渔业环境保护与治理中发挥着重要作用。它在海洋渔业环境保护与治理中运用的方式诸如知识普及、宣传教育等规制性或抑制性行政指导,调解、协商等调整性或调停性行政指导,发布官方信息、制定指导性计划纲要、鼓励奖励等促进性或辅助性行政指导。在现实运行中行政指导存在着法律依据缺乏、主体关系未理顺、基本规范不明确、指导行为不透明和救济保障不完善的困境。为突破这些困境则需要从引入法制建设、建立监察制度、出台基本规范、信息公开透明和完善救济保障等方面入手,以促进我国海洋渔业环境的持续改善。

Administrative guidance plays an important role in China ＇s marine fisheries environmental protection and management. The ways of governing and protecting marine fisheries environment include knowledge popularization, publicity and education which are regulatory or inhibitory of administrative guidance. Meanwhile, the adjustment,consultation, publishing information, and developing relevant programs may assist admin-istrative guidance. However, in reality, lots of problems arise in administrative guidance,lack of legal basis, no rationalizing the main relationship, the unclear basic specification,the opaque behavior and imperfect security system. Breaking through these difficulties will be from the introduction of the rule of law and building a monitoring system, setting stan-dards, information disclosure and improving he security system to promote the sustainable improvement of China＇s marine fisheries environment.