复活的布雷顿森林体系下的中国金融外交

China's Financial Diplomacy in the Revived Bretton Woods System

在布雷顿森林体系解体后,国际货币体系虽然未能形成一个有效的制度安排,但美元主导的格局仍未改变,甚至形成了一种新的结构,迈克尔·杜利等人将之称为复活的布雷顿森林体系。在该体系中,亚洲货币体系出现新的特征,汇率制度趋于灵活,"货币锚"发生变化,美元在亚洲的地位逐渐下降,亚洲国家(地区)选择一种更加多样化的外汇储备和贸易结算货币结构。中国作为复活的布雷顿森林体系中外围国的重要一员,面临着诸多机遇与挑战,而中国运用金融外交在全球、区域、双边三个层次有力地维护了国家利益,积极推动了区域金融秩序和全球经济体系的改革。

After the breakdown of the Bretton Woods System, although an effective institution has not yet appeared in the international monetary system, the pattern led by the U. S. dollar remains unchanged, even forming a new structure, called the revived Bretton Woods System by some scholars, including Michael Dooley. Within this system, the Asian monetary system appears to have some new features： the exchange rate regime tends to be more flexible, the ＂monetary anchor＂ has changed, the importance of U. S. dollar to Asia has gradually declined, and Asian countries （regions） have chosen more diversified foreign exchange reserves and a trade settlement currency structure. As an important member of the peripheral countries of the revived system, China is facing a lot of opportunities and challenges. China is still safeguarding its national interests using financial diplomacy in global, regional and bilateral affairs, and is actively promoting the reform of regional financial order and global economic system.