重庆城区小学儿童青春发动时相提前影响因素分析

Relevant factors of early puberty timing in urban primary schools in Chongqing

目的调查重庆市城区小学1-4年级儿童青春发动时相现状,探讨青春发动时相提前的影响因素。方法采用目的性抽样,在重庆市九龙坡区选取4所小学1-4年级共1471名知情同意的学生为研究对象,对其进行一般情况及家庭环境问卷调查（包括年龄、父母关系、饮食及生活方式等）、青春发育事件自我评定量表调查和体格检查（包括身高、体重的测量和青春期发育情况检查等）。采用概率单位回归法计算男女童各重要青春期发育事件P25、P50和P75年龄,采用单因素和多因素分析探讨其影响因素。结果对象儿童青春发动时相提前检出率为17.7%,女童乳房和男童睾丸开始发育的P50年龄分别为10.77岁和11.48岁。多因素分析显示,男童与女童相比不易发生青春发动时相提前（OR=0.561,95%CI 0.406-0.774）,而父母间关系不好（OR=1.320,95%CI 1.007-1.729）和用过美发产品（OR=1.685,95%CI 1.028-2.762）是青春发动时相提前的危险因素。结论重庆城区儿童青春发动时相仍在提前,性别、父母间关系、使用美发产品是青春发动时相提前的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the status of puberty timing and relevant factors of early puberty timing in children from grade one to four in urban primary schools of Chongqing. Methods According to the purposive sample method,four urban primary schools in Chongqing were selected and of which 1471 children from grade one to four who have obtained informed consent were recruited. Questionnaire survey on socialdemographic characteristics and family environment（ e. g. age,parents ＇ relationship,diet and lifestyle,etc）,and Pubertal Development Scale（ PDS） survey and physical examination（ measurements of height,weight,pubertal development status,etc） were conducted. P25,P50,P75 ages of each important pubertal event were calculated byprobit regression. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to analyze relevant factors. Results The detection rate of early puberty timing was 17. 7%,and the median ages of the onset of breast and testicular development were 10. 77 and 11. 48 years old,respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that early puberty timing occurred more likely in girls than in boys（ OR = 0. 561,95% CI 0. 406—0. 774）, and bad relationship between parents（ OR = 1. 320,95% CI 1. 007—1. 729） and hair-products-use（ OR = 1. 685,95% CI 1. 028—2. 762） were risk factors of early puberty timing.Conclusion Early onset of puberty in urban Chongqing is still exist. Gender,parents＇ relationship,and hair-products-use have an essential impact on early puberty timing.