槐叶萍抑藻效应及其抑藻物质的分离鉴定

Inhibition effect on Microcystis aeruginosa PCC7806 as well as separation and identification of algicidal substances isolated from Salvinia natans(L.) All.

目的深入研究槐叶萍(Salvinia natans(L.)All.)对有害蓝藻的抑制效应。方法以铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa.)为受试对象,以去离子水、乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯作为溶剂,制备4种槐叶萍粗提物,分别进行抑藻。筛选出抑制效应较好的粗提物,再经大孔树脂纯化,气质联用(GC-MS)分析筛选,最终获得抑藻物质组分。结果抑藻效应如下:乙酸乙酯粗提物>丙酮粗提物>乙醇粗提物>水粗提物。槐叶萍抑藻物质可能为:二丙酮醇、异亚丙基丙酮、四氢薰衣草醇、十五醛、14-庚癸烯醛、异丙苯、乙酸丁酯、抗坏血酸二棕榈酸酯、邻苯二甲酸单乙基已基酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯以及邻苯二甲酸丁基十一烷酯。结论槐叶萍抑藻效应及其化感物质的分离鉴定研究为蓝藻控制和抑藻剂研发提供了理论基础和实践依据。

Objective To study the inhibition effect of Salvinia natans （L.） All. on harmful algae. Methods With Microcystis aeruginosa as the subjects, deionized water, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate as solvent, four kinds of crude extracts from Salvinia natans （L.）All. were prepared, and their alga-inhibiting actions were verified, respectively. The crude extracts of Salvinia natans （L.） All. with better inhibition effect were selected. The components of algal inhibiting material through macroporous resin purification were obtained, and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Results The algicidal effect as follows： ethyl acetate extract 〉 acetone crude extract 〉 ethanol crude extract 〉 water crude extract. Meanwhile, the inhibitory substances of Salvinia natans （ L. ） All. may be： diacetone alcohol, methyl isobutenyl ketone, 5-methyl-2-（ 1-methylethyl ） -1 -hexanol, pentadecanal, 14-heptadecenal, cumene, butyl acetate, ascorbyl dipalmitate, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono （2- ethylhexyl） ester, dibutyl phthalate and phthalic acid, butyl undecane ester. Conclusion The algal inhibiting effect research of Salvinia natans （L.）All., as well as its separation and identification of allelochemicals supplys theoretical basis and practical evidence not only for algae control ,but also exploitation of algal inhibiting agent.