论生命与心智的连续性

On the Continuity between Life and Mind

生命—心智连续性论题,特别是强连续性论题,主张生命蕴含心智,而心智属于生命。与这个存在论论题相应的是一个方法论的连续性论题:应该从生命出发理解心智,同时心智对生命的生物学事实的解释也是不可或缺的。要理解生命则有必要理解心智,反之要理解心智则有必要理解生命。自然主义泛心论构想宇宙物质不但具有外在性和惰性的一面,而且具有内在性和创造性的一面;哲学生物学通过对新陈代谢的诠释将生命与自我、自由等心智范畴联系起来。生成认知和自创生的分析则表明生命所特有的自组织类型(即自创生)与认知和意义生成的实现是生命现象的两个方面。当这三个层次关联和整合在一起时,就呈现了一个阐明连续性论题的独特(形而上学—现象学—生物自创生)理论轮廓。

The theme of the continuity between life and mind,especially in its strong form,maintains that life contains the mind and the mind belongs to life.Corresponding to this ontological topic is the methodological one on the theme of continuity:the mind should be understood from the perspective of life,but at the same time the interpretation of the biological facts of life from the perspective of the mind is also indispensable.The understanding of life requires cognition of the mind,and vice versa.Naturalistic panpsychism conceives of the substance of the universe as having not only externality and inertia,but also internality and creativity;and philosophical biology,through its interpretation of the new replacing the old,links life with the ego,freedom and other categories of the mind.At the same time,the analysis of enactive cognition and autopoiesis indicates that the type of self-organization(autopoiesis)peculiar to life and the actualization of cognition and meaning generation are two aspects of the phenomenon of life.When these three levels are linked and integrated,the theme of continuity is set forth in a unique theoretical outline(metaphysics—phenomenology—biological autopoiesis).